human rights

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Considering Reader Needs

This post is about a 6-minute read.

I’d started a different post to talk about my book launch – OCTOBER 1! – and got sidetracked by a worthwhile question. So instead, I decided to write about helping other humans. This post will give you some starting information about digital accessibility.

Accessibility means designing products, places, services, and digital tools so that everyone can use them, regardless of their physical or cognitive abilities.

“What’s good for a few can be good for all.”

– the witch, in Tildy Silverleaf and the Dungeon of the Dreadwyrm

Am I using a good color for people with eyesight issues?

I’ve had a basic style guide for my website pretty much since the beginning. I’ve made updates here and there, and I’ve recently been wondering if the text color for links popped enough. I’ve been using a deep green, wanting to reflect the forest setting of Tildy Silverleaf and the Starfall Omen.

OK. Hypothesis; time to test.

I started experimenting with lighter greens, and for the most part, they seemed like an improvement. Before I changed my style guide, however, I wanted to check the accessibility score of the color.

  • This random text helps illustrate how a color might pop or blend into a white background. It’s important to consider color blindness or other eye conditions that might make the font difficult to read.
  • This random text helps illustrate how a color might pop or blend into a white background. It’s important to consider color blindness or other eye conditions that might make the font difficult to read.
  • This random text helps illustrate how a color might pop or blend into a white background. It’s important to consider color blindness or other eye conditions that might make the font difficult to read.

I used Gemini just the way I’d use Google Search, and here’s how it advised me to improve my website experience for other humans:

Gemini: Yes, the bright green #37B904 presents significant accessibility concerns across contrast ratios and color vision deficiency (color blindness). 1. Color Contrast Failures (WCAG 2.1): The relative luminance of #37B904 sits in a mid-tone “dead zone” where it fails accessibility standards against both light and dark backgrounds. 2. Red-Green Color Blindness (Deuteranopia & Protanopia). Recommended Alternatives: Use a darker green to hit the 4.5:1 ratio minimum (e.g., #247B02 or #1E6B02).

Let me translate. The #37B904 is the digital code for this particular color green. WCAG is a set of standards to ensure online content can be viewed by humans with a variety of conditions. If you want a little more info, read the entire post.

So, I tried Gemini’s suggestions and a few other colors. Then I measured my original green, which met or exceeded a number of guidelines and scored better than any other test. So for now, I think I’ll keep my choice, but also continue to underline all links (in my lifetime I’ve seen the invention of hyperlinks, which used an underlined light blue font, and I’ve seen modern sites that use no unique styling to indicate a clickable link, which feels like a miss, even if it makes the overall page a little cleaner-looking). Between my color and underlining, I’ve got 2 different ways to help users interact with my site. It feels meaningful, but it’s also a reminder that there are probably other things I can do to improve.

I hope this helps! If you want to learn a little more about accessibility, hex codes, and why an author should care, read on!

–Mike

What is WCAG?

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are the international rules for making digital content usable for people with all kinds of abilities. The guidelines are broad, many, and updated regularly, which can make following every single one a very challenging task. Understanding even a little bit of this, however, will also ensure you’re not doing funky things that impact every reader. Such as putting grey text on a mint background, which would look like this (it says, “which would look like this.”).

What are Hex colors?

A classic Far Side cartoon in which a dog considers the chalk board that two scientists are using. One says, "Ooooooh....Look at that Schuster....Dogs are so cute when they try to comprehend quantum mechanics."

In school, many of us learned the colors of the rainbow thanks to Mr. ROY G BIV (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). So, I’m going to level up your knowledge just a smidge.

A hex color is a six-digit code used in digital design and coding to represent a specific color, starting with the basic red, blue, green (RGB) palette. Hex is short for hexadecimal, which is a 16-digit numbering system (0123456789ABCDEF), unlike our standard decimal system (1-10); it’s how we tell our masters the machines which very specific color we want.

  • Format = #RRGGBB
  • Lowest intensity = 00
  • Highest intensity = FF
  • #000000 is white
  • #FFFFFF is black

I originally went to college for computing programming, and hexadecimal still gives me a headache.

Dammit, Jim, I’m a writer not a software developer! Why, oh why would an author care about this stuff?

It would be very easy to say, “I just wanna write” or “this is too complicated”. My response would be, as an author I have a responsibility to connect with as many humans as possible, and since we live in an age where answers can be delivered instantaneously, a little AI Q&A can go a long way to informing us. I’m sharing this info to give others a starting point from which they can make their own decisions about learning and changing. Do some research; do some good!

And when it comes to publishing, the more production aspects you’re doing yourself, the more you’ll need to understand. I do everything on the website and I self-publish. RGB and Hex are for digital (WordPress uses Hex; MS Word uses both). Actual print, y’know, on paper, has different color standards: CYMK (cyan, yellow, magenta, black). When I was exporting my cover from Canva, this was an important to select.

Do you or I need to be an expert on any of this? No, but new knowledge is a good thing in my opinion. Helping others is even better. It could also save you some missteps on your writing journey, and gods know there are a heckuva lot of steps.

(C) Michael Wallevand, September 2026

decorative image of twisting ivy vines and leaves
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Writing Exercise: Use Your College Knowledge

This website is dedicated to my novels and the writing process, as well as advocacy for human rights.

A college buddy recently re-entered my life on Facebook, mocking my alarm at the emboldened fascism of the new U.S. administration.

I didn’t know the Jews r worried Elon and Trump are vicious Nazis who will gas chamber them and other inferior minorities? Man will the hispanics and the blacks be pissed because they sure voted a lot for Trump. Wouldn’t that be ironic?

He probably doesn’t know that I studied so much history during our college days, with a focus on the rise of fascism in the 20th Century, that I accidently got a second major for my bachelor’s degree. I’ve walked through concentration camps. I’ve stood in the gas chambers. Something awful still lingers there, as does a tragedy for which Humankind has no words. So instead of responding with equal sarcasm, and ignoring how he unconsciously described minorities as “inferior”, I put my degree to use.

The quarantine yard at Mauthausen, one of the most sickeningly brutal concentration camps.

It doesn’t start with gas chambers. We all know this.

Like all successful bullies, the Authoritarian is more cunning than intelligent, recognizing that threats, bombast, and lies will be more effective than reason. In this way, he camouflages his weakness and impotence as a strength that people truly believe.

And to be perceived as strong, the bully picks on the weak. They are but the backs that must be trodden on the climb to power. The Undesirables must be identified. The Other. They are named Enemies to give the people something to rally around. It is better to be one of Us than one of Them. And the People buy into it because they respect and fear and covet the Power. More often than not, they are the regular people and the downtrodden, not those marching with torches or hanging nooses from trees. Over and again, they have been told they are powerless – these Enemies have taken their power, their jobs, their money, and the lives of their fellow citizens. The People used to be great, but no longer. Convinced, they actually relinquish power and critical thinking for pretty promises that their lives will improve. Promises without a plan, though like all great salespeople, he’s manufactured a need in people for the thing he’s selling.

And lo, their salvation is at hand.

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The Nonverbal Kid’s influence on my writing

My younger son, Benji, is nonverbal and autistic. I don’t share it much because one of my primary responsibilities is protecting his dignity and privacy. And it’s usually not relevant to this site. But like any person important to you, his influence is always there in my writing, nevertheless. In this post I’ll share one of the ways my craft has changed because of him.

Ben has a limited vocabulary, though his communication includes expressive gestures and sounds, not just words. In talking to us (people who clearly are too dim to understand), he’s practically speaking three languages, and often, more than one at a time. It’s not his problem when we can’t figure out the translation; it’s ours.

To an outsider, however, it might create an uncomfortable situation. Not because that person is a bigot who despises neurodiversity, but because they are walking in unfamiliar territory. I liken it to me meeting a Black man for the first time (in my memory, he looks like actor Brock Peters in his Star Trek days). I was just a little kid, terribly shy around strangers, and before me stood a person so completely unlike every person I’d known in my secluded little rural town. At least, that’s the lie your brain tells you. In every aspect that I could see except skin color, he was like my neighbors.

I hadn’t been taught to hate or even dislike Black people; I just had some unintended bias to push past because my world was filled with people who looked like me and had basically the same beliefs and ancestry.

It’s one thing to know there are a variety of people in the world. Seeing them is another. Further still, interacting with them changes your perspective in significant ways. Watching Black people on TV wasn’t the same as meeting them. And meeting one certainly wasn’t the same as having people like him in my daily life.

I choose to believe the same lack of experience is true for people who aren’t sure how to react around Ben. It could be uncomfortable at first, but the smallest effort by them can overcome that. I don’t think they can do it alone, however. As Ben’s father, I believe one of my responsibilities is to help people with this, which also helps him.

Now, I grew up as a Boy Scout and I’ve always cheered for the underdog. I’m predisposed to helping others and recognizing those who are disadvantaged. But there’s a distinction between that and being an advocate. Believe it or not (sarcasm), there’s a difference between adding a rainbow frame to my Facebook picture and standing up to LGBTQ bigotry when people post it. Advocacy requires deliberate action, and I can help by leading through example, by sharing posts like this, and by injecting it into my books.

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Power of Words: Also

Words have power. It’s a simple enough concept, though perhaps underappreciated or downplayed when compared to fists or guns. That said, each of us has emotional reactions to words, whether a Shakespearean play, a political speech, or the handwritten note in a birthday card. And therein lies the control they have over us.

Many of us have heard as children, or said as adults, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” It’s a comforting lie that both parties believe because it makes the problem go away. At least for a little while.

If you’ve ever been the victim of slurs, whether racial, sexual, or gender-based, you already know the power of a single word. For those of us who haven’t, we can appreciate the impact of a good F-bomb, though that doesn’t tend have the same power as the examples of above.

Additionally, as I recall important events of my lifetime, there is considerable power in certain words, such as “marriage”, “Black”, “abortion”, “conservative”, and “liberal”. Just post a social media update that includes one of these to remind yourself of that.

I’m of the belief, however, that there is power in any single word – important or not – depending on the context. Which is why I’ve chosen “also” as my topic for today.

The aforementioned subjects are of great consequence to our world, and I am not suggesting that a linguistic discussion about a common adverb is of equal concern. Rather, I hope to demonstrate how something insignificant can change the tone and intent of any conversation.

I mean, come on, we probably give it no extra thought in writing, reading, or speech. In many cases, we could rewrite it out of a sentence and the reader wouldn’t know the difference.

  • We should get groceries and also pick up vacuum bags.
  • We should buy groceries and vacuum bags.

But that’s a minor application compared to its role in the following examples.

I would also like the right to vote.

I am his parent, so I also need custody of my child.

I would like my culture’s history also studied

I would like my child’s gender identity to also be respected

I would also like to practice my religion

In those examples, “also” plays a more powerful part. It leaves no doubt that a person is requesting an addition to an established practice or point of view. It speaks to inclusion and acceptance. Said another way, it suggests that we have room to grow: Here is where we are today, and this is where I’d like to go so we can be equal or have a mutual understanding.

And it has power not just for the person saying those things. When it comes to arguments against these concepts, “also” seems to have been mistaken as an outrageous synonym for “instead of”.

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Privilege in a time of chaos and injustice

I live in a Minneapolis suburb, though I am far enough away that I cannot see the smoke. I cannot hear the protests. My sleep is not disturbed by the sounds of gunfire and sirens. While the murder of George Floyd has angered me, I have been separated from the cacophony of a world aflame.

I have felt helpless and rooted in place, and it has forced some introspection. I know I do not truly understand the emotions or thoughts of the communities affected by this murder. So I have been listening. As I hear the anguish, the powerlessness, the frustration, and as I read what it’s like to fear a similar fate as George Floyd, I have been reminded that I have lived a privileged life compared to many people in my country.

A decision lay before me: to live within the comfort and protection of my privilege or to use it for something positive. I chose the latter.

I took what I heard and wrote this.

***********************

I am not black.

I am not of eastern Asian descent, nor Slavic or Middle Eastern, nor a member of most of the other wonderful ancestries that humans are blessed to have.

I am not Muslim, nor a member of any of the non-Christian religions that bring people comfort across the world.

I am not female, nor any of the other genders we are discovering in our DNA.

I am not gay, and I do not fit into any of the sexual orientations that close-minded people refuse to acknowledge.

I am not missing any of my five senses or four limbs. My brain doesn’t process the world in a way that requires additional interpretation.

I’ve never been impoverished or homeless.

I am a straight white male living in America and there are very few words that we use to modify that description. We live in a country that must label people to remind them they are different than a particular type of person – that they are other. That they do not have my privilege.

I recognize that in the United States, I have more privilege than all of these wonderfully different ways to be human.

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Shine a flashlight in the dark

This post is approximately 550 words and deals with the topic of sexual assault. This isn’t some lame attempt to drive traffic to my blog by tapping into a popular social movement. That’s why I’m not using the hashtag or any other tactic to increase the visibility of the post. It’s just me, writing about something I care about, which is the entire point of this website.

On Monday, a Facebook friend boldly stated that she had not and would not participate in the “me too” movement. She meant to say that, sometimes, people don’t realize that their words qualify as harassment, and that without specific examples, we can’t correct them. But she also said, “just telling people you’ve been victimized doesn’t raise awareness.”

I disagreed.

And I think she missed the point. This movement isn’t simply about wolf whistles and “c’mere, honey”, though that’s part of it. My response received positive feedback, and so I share it here because I’m proud of what I wrote (lightly edited for this platform).

I write this as a man, and as a person who has never been sexually assaulted.

My opinion is based on women who have confided in me. Like the drunk woman who woke up naked with a man on top of her. Or the woman who lied about being on her period to avoid rape. Or the woman who kept silent for more than 20 years because she knew no one would believe her. Or the woman who blamed the rape on herself because she had a reputation for being easy.

Much like a crowd shining flashlights in the dark, this movement shows people they are not alone. That there are far more people than we ever thought. To show that such a thing might have hurt a person, but they did not let it defeat them.

I particularly disagree with the statement “we all know basically every woman has experienced” this. Regardless of whether “we all know”, the complacency of that argument is part of the problem. We still live in a culture where men and women blame rape on a woman’s attire. Or her job. Or because she is subservient to men. People dismiss “grabbing her by the p****” as locker room talk because his political affiliation says (R), when they’d give a (D) holy hell for saying the same thing.

However, this movement isn’t targeting the small-minded people, not really, because they will never change their minds. Nor is it seeking the blessing of the enlightened. I think there are many people who really aren’t aware of the size of this problem, and for that, I applaud the momentum behind this movement.

I also disagree that writing out the specifics on Facebook is a better approach. We should believe that people have been attacked without having to read the sensational details. There are myriad reasons victims don’t come forward, but recounting the attack shouldn’t be the price for my sympathy or belief.

I would have believed my friends if they had simply said, “Me too.”

It’s only a Facebook comment, and not intended to be high literature. But I believe in writing things that are important, things that connect people, and things that can make the world a better place.

I know you do, too.

–Mike

© Michael Wallevand, October 2017

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And Yet It Moves

This post is approximately 250 words, and today’s topic considers personal beliefs and human compassion.

galileo2Nearly 400 years ago, Galileo was forced to recant his statement that the Earth revolved around the Sun. Sometime later, as he stared into sky, and then looked at the ground, he said, “E pur si muove.”

And yet it moves.

He knew he had proven that a long-held belief, going back millennia, was incorrect. He challenged something every person in the world believed. When 350 million people believe something, it is an undeniable fact.

And yet it moves.

I recalled this story today, specifically those four words, when the debate on gender erupted again this morning. I read the words of people parroting science they didn’t understand to defend a belief they had never taken the time to question. I read hateful declarations by the small- and closed-minded. I read selfish protestations from people living comfortably within the embrace of societal acceptance.

Is human gender black and white? Have we already discovered all there is to know about gender and human physiology? I believe the answer to both is no, though it’s a surprisingly more complicated problem to solve than the movement of heavenly bodies, no offense to Galileo.

Perhaps it’s not so difficult a thing to understand, considering people from the Middle Ages were asked to believe that they lived on a planetary orb floating through space around a gigantic fiery ball of gas.

And yet it moves.

Just imagine what we’ll know 400 years from now.

–Michael

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© Michael Wallevand, July 2017